Utopian Communities of the 1840’s

During the early 1840’s there were at least 45 communal experiments in the United States.

Some of the most known were:

1.Brook Farm,West Roxbury, MA

(Transcendentalist Unitarian, then Fourierist)

(http://www25.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/brookfarm.html)

2.Hopedale Community, MA (originally known as “Fraternal Community,” or “Practical Christians”  based on “Christian Non-Resistance,”)

• Massachusetts, 1842-1867

• Union Grove, Minnesota, 1856-1858

(http://www.adinballou.org/)

 3.North American Phalanx, New York, 1843-1856

(Based on the writings of Fourier. One of at least 50 such communities)

  http://www.theamericanmenu.com/2010/07/utopia.html

  http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1820fourier.asp

 4.Ebenezer Community, NY

    An offshoot of the Amana Community- Inspirationists

   (http://www.amanaheritage.org/history.html)

 5.New Harmony, MA  (Separatists from the German Lutheran Church)

(http://maxkade.iupui.edu/newharmony/home.html)

6. Fruitlands: Harvard, Massachusetts, 1843-1844
(http://www.shepherd.edu/transweb/fruitlands.htm)

7. Bethel-Aurora Communities

   • Bethel, Missouri, 1844-1880

   • Nineveh, Missouri, 1849-1878

   • Aurora, Oregon, 1855-1881

    (http://www.sacred-texts.com/utopia/csus/csus24.htm)

8. Icaria

• Icaria, Texas, 1848

• Icaria, Illinois, 1849-1859

• Icaria Missouri, 1856-1864

• Icaria, Iowa, 1857-187

• Icaria – New Icaria, Iowa,1879-1898

• Icaria – Jeune (Young Icaria), Iowa. 1879-1887

• Icaria – Speranza Colony, California, 1881-1886

(http://brbl-archive.library.yale.edu/exhibitions/utopia/uc11b.html )

9. Mormon Communities

• Order of Enoch, Missouri, 1831.

• Orderville United Order, Utah, 1874-1884

• Preparation, Iowa, 1853-1858

• Voree, Wisconsin, 1844-1849 (This group joined the Kingdom of St. James, a

Mormon splinter community, in 1849.)

• Walla Walla, Washington, 1867-1881

• Zodiac, Texas, 1847-1853

10.Oberlin Colony: Ohio, 1833-1841

11.Oneida Community, New York, 1848-1881

12.Peace-Union: Limestone, Pennsylvania, 1843-1845

13.NorthamptonAssociation:Massachusetts,1842-1846

(http://www.historic-northampton.org/weathervane/2000spring/letters.html)

14. Marlborough: Ohio, 1841-1845

15.Sholem: New York, 1837-1842

16.Skaneateles Community: New York, 1843-1846

17.Teutonia: Pennsylvania, 1842-1844

18.The Brotherhood: Ohio, 1846-1847

19.Union Home: Indiana, 1844.

20.Utopia: (Trailville) Ohio, 1847-1865